| 摘要: |
| 目的分析心内科住院患者医院感染病原菌分布及药敏结果，为优化抗菌药物选择提供理论指导。方法收集2010年1月至2015年1月心内科住院患者3654份标本进行菌株培养、鉴定、药敏试验的结果，统计分析医院感染病原菌的菌种和分布。结果阳性标本共871例，标本种类的构成比依次为痰液、尿液、咽拭子、血液、粪便、分泌物、导管等。共分离出937株阳性细菌，革兰阴性细菌（65.75%）明显多于革兰阳性细菌（6.4%）。阳性病原菌占比前几位分别为肺炎克雷伯菌（16.86%）、鲍曼不动杆菌（9.50%）、大肠埃希菌（8.00%）。肠杆菌科属对亚胺培南、丁胺卡那霉素高度敏感，对青霉素及酶抑制和头孢类、喹诺酮类药物均有较高的耐药性。鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌耐药率较高，对阿莫西林/克拉维酸、氨曲南、头孢类的耐药率＞90.00%。金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素G、氨苄西林的耐药率达100.00%。结论心内科住院患者的呼吸道、泌尿系统、咽喉部为常见感染部位，病原菌以革兰阴性细菌为主，且耐药率较高，需根据药敏试验结果合理选择抗菌药物。 |
| 关键词: 心血管疾病 医院感染 病原菌 耐药性 |
| DOI：10.12056/j.issn.1006-2785.2017.39.22.2017-715 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目:嘉兴市科技局课题（2016AY23056） |
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| Distribution of pathogens and drug sensitivity of nosocomial infections in cardiology department |
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Jiaxing Second Municipal Hospital
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| Abstract: |
| Objective To analysis of pathogens and drug sensitivity in patients with hospital-acquired infections in cardiology department. Methods A total 3654 specimen were collected from Jan 2010 to Jan 2015, including sputum, urine, throat swab, blood, feces, secretions and catheter specimens. The bacterial pathogens were cultured and identified, and drug sensitive tests were performed. Results Among 3654 specimen, 871 were pathogen positive, and 937 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated, including 616 strains of gram-negative bacteria, (65.75% ) and 60 strains of gram-positive bacteria (6.4%). The mainly pathogenic bacteria were Pneumonia klebsiella, Acinetobacter baumannii and E. coli., accounting for 16.86%,
9.50% and 8.00% respectively. The Enterobacteriaceae (Pneumonia klebsiella, Acinetobacter baumannii, E. coli.) were highly sensitive to imipenem and amikacin, but highly resistant to penicillin, β-lactamase inhibitors, cephalosporin and quinolones. Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were highly resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, aztreonam, cephalosporins (＞90% ). The drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to penicillin G, ampicillin were 100%. Conclusion Respiratory tract, urinary tract, throat are the common infection site in patients of cardiovascular department. The pathogenic
bacteria are mainly gram-negative bacteria with high drug resistance. |
| Key words: Cardiovascular dieases Nosocomial infection Pathogenic bacterial Drug resistance |
